Paris deal and what it means for business
We know that Paris could determine our ability to keep global warming below two degrees and avoid its catastrophic impacts. But it will also be a key determinant of future economic growth and development.
If we don’t act, climate change could have devastating impacts on overall growth and wipe out the development gains of the last century. The costs are becoming increasingly clear – some studies estimate that the world has already spent US$2.7 trillion more on natural disasters than usual.
And we can’t forget the human costs. It is the world’s poorest – who are least responsible for climate change – who stand to lose the most. Runaway climate change would condemn millions to a life of poverty and cause us to fail to meet the Sustainable Development Goal of eradicating extreme poverty by 2030. This is not an acceptable outcome.
Beyond the imperative of avoiding these disastrous impacts, there’s actually a strong economic opportunity in addressing climate change. As the Global Commission on the Economy and Climate has extensively researched, low-carbon investments would bring multiple economic benefits, including growth, jobs and long-term resilience.
At Unilever, we’re already starting to see the results of our ambition to decouple growth from our environmental footprint. Not only have we made substantial savings from eco-efficiency in our factories, we’re also seeing that our most sustainable brands are our best performers.
The business and economic case for a strong agreement in Paris is clear. A strong deal in the Paris climate conference would encourage businesses and investors to contribute to building a low-carbon and more resilient global economy in five important ways:
Stimulating innovation and investment in renewable energy
With 40 percent of the world’s electricity still coming from coal, we’ve got a real opportunity to redefine how we power our businesses and economies in the coming years. Renewable energy could reduce emissions but also create jobs and improve public health. The US solar industry is creating jobs 20 times faster than the overall economy.
Even without further innovation, the International Energy Agency estimates that investing in energy efficiency measures that are already available today would boost cumulative economic output by US$18 trillion by 2035.
Safeguarding the true value of our forests
Forests are often greatly undervalued even though they supply ecosystems critical for food security and biodiversity, provide a source of livelihoods for 1.6 billion people, and play a critical role in climate change.
They have the potential to absorb and store about 10 percent of global carbon emissions projected for the first half of this century, provided we conserve them and stop further emissions from deforestation.
Paris is an opportunity to commit to doing more by working together to pursue “triple win” opportunities to reduce emissions by protecting forests, increase agricultural productivity and food security, and improving rural livelihoods.
One promising route forward is the potential for place-based partnerships for forest protection and agricultural production – the so-called “produce and protect” approach to source commodities only from areas where this results in zero deforestation.
Growing and using more food per hectare
One of the most striking of the Sustainable Development Goals is the world’s determination to end hunger, improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030. Climate change is a major threat to achieving this goal, reducing crop yields, pushing prices up and increasing food insecurity.
We need to increase the amount of food we grow per hectare, reduce food waste – in our fields and on our plates, restore 25 percent of the world’s agricultural land which is severely degraded, and find sustainable models to feed around 10 billion people by 2050.
Conscious of the great potential to make agriculture more efficient and sustainable, business leaders like Strive Masiyiwa of Econet Wireless are helping people to see it as an economic opportunity, not just a moral imperative.
Accelerating low-carbon development in the world’s cities
One of the most striking trends of our time has been rapid urbanization – around half of the world’s population lives in cities, and this is expected to reach 70 percent, or 10 billion people, within 30-40 years.
In the next 15 years alone, around US$90 trillion will go into urbanization. This gives us a tremendous business opportunity to build low-carbon, more resilient cities that can generate stronger growth and improve our quality of life. This means developing public, non-motorized and low-emission transport, and putting in place renewable energy and efficient waste management.
Making long-term investments in the low-carbon economy
Many businesses are already vocal supporters of strong government action on climate change. Through coalitions like We Mean Business and the B Team, we have publicly called for net zero emissions by 2050 – it’s the only way we can confidently limit global warming to two degrees.
Businesses and governments need to work together and make a joint commitment if we want to address climate change effectively and quickly. Only a long-term and ambitious goal at Paris will allow us to mobilize the resources – both economic and human – needed for a transition to a low-carbon economy.
It is our responsibility as businesses to deliver ambitious solutions and technologies to bring us low-carbon, inclusive and sustainable growth. There is no excuse not to act. Let’s seize the opportunities of the low-carbon economy and create green growth that benefits all.
* Paul Polman is CEO of Unilever and chairman of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. You can follow Paul on Twitter @PaulPolman. Unilever has been named as a leader in the 2015 Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) results.
